New energy vehicles low temperature endurance

The impact of low temperature on the endurance of new energy vehicles

Under low temperature conditions, the driving range of new energy vehicles will be reduced to a certain extent due to the impact on battery performance. Specifically, low temperature will cause the activity of the car battery to decrease, the chemical reaction inside the battery will slow down, and the available capacity of the battery will be reduced. Generally speaking, when the temperature reaches minus 10 degrees, the capacity of the lithium battery will decrease by about 10% to 20%, and the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery will decrease more than the ternary lithium battery. In addition, in a low temperature environment, the battery charging speed will slow down because the concentration of the electrolyte inside the battery increases and the conductivity decreases. At the same time, the lithium dendrites formed during high-power charging may pierce the battery diaphragm and induce battery spontaneous combustion, so the battery current will be limited.

Strategies for new energy vehicles to cope with low temperatures

In order to cope with the endurance challenges brought by low temperatures, new energy vehicles have adopted a variety of strategies. On the one hand, by adding a battery heating system, the battery temperature is ensured to be raised to the optimal operating temperature at low temperatures to ensure the normal operation of new energy vehicles. On the other hand, car owners are also advised to choose to charge at indoor charging places or during the day when the sun is better to increase the charging speed. In addition, the charging habit of "shallow charging and shallow discharge" should also be followed, that is, when the battery SOC is 30%-50%, it should be charged in time to avoid excessive power consumption due to low temperature.

Technical progress in improving the endurance of new energy vehicles

Although the endurance of new energy vehicles has been reduced in low temperature environments, this situation is gradually improving with the advancement of technology. For example, by improving the capacity of the battery cell or increasing the available volume of the battery pack, long endurance can be achieved under existing technical conditions. For example, CATL and BYD are both developing lithium iron manganese phosphate or similar technical solutions, intending to increase the capacity of the battery cell while maintaining the stability of lithium iron phosphate. In addition, Zeekr Automobile's BRIC battery is compatible with the 800V high-voltage platform based on the lithium iron phosphate battery, thereby improving the charging efficiency and endurance.

Although the endurance performance of new energy vehicles in low temperature environments is not as ideal as at normal temperature, with the continuous advancement and optimization of technology, the low-temperature endurance of new energy vehicles is gradually improving. Car owners can also reduce the impact of low temperature on endurance through reasonable charging strategies and vehicle usage habits.